Civil Thinking

Theory of Errors in Observations

Theory of Errors in Observations Surveyors use measurements to map land and build structures. But no matter how skilled they are or how good the tools, every measurement has some error. Understanding these errors helps surveyors pick the right tools and methods so mistakes stay small enough to not harm their work. Direct and Indirect […]

Module 2: Units, Significant Figures, and Field Notes

Units of Measurement in Surveying In surveying, we use specific units for length, area, volume, and angle. Two main systems are in use: the English System (feet, inches) and the International System of Units (SI) (meters, centimeters). English System (Foot) The basic unit of length is the foot (ft). Historically there were two definitions: Pre-1959 […]

Module 1: Introduction to Surveying

Definition of Surveying Surveying, now commonly known as Geomatics, is the art and science of figuring out the positions of different points either above, on, or below the surface of the Earth. It also involves setting up these points where they are needed. Simple Explanation: Think of surveying like drawing an accurate map. It helps […]