One common assumption when we use the Bernoulli equation is that the velocity at the surface of a large tank or reservoir is zero. In reality, the water level would be going down over time so there probably is a velocity at the water surface. Let’s investigate the assumption that v1=0 using the below open tank being drained by a pipe.
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A service main (water pipe) at the end of a street decreases in diameter from 8 inches to 4 inches. The flowrate is 5 ft3/s and the pressure at point 1 is 50 psi. Neglect losses. a. Find the velocity at point 2 in ft/s. b. Calculate the pressure at point 2 in psi. c. Compare the pressure in the wider pipe with the pressure in the narrow pipe. Is it what you would expect?(1)8″-diameter4″-diameter(2)10 ft
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Henry Pitot originally used the Pitot tube to measure the flow rate in the Seine River. If the height h in the diagram is 21 cm, calculate the velocity in the river.90° bend
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3.7.3 Draw the energy line and hydraulic grade line for the flow shown in Problem 3.6.48.
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3.6.82 WP Water flows through the branching pipe shown in Fig. P3.6.82. If viscous effects are negligible, determine the pressure at section (2) and the pressure at section (3).A3=0.035 m221-1 m3/s23-10 mA1 = 0.1 m2P1 = 300 kPa(3)21=0(1)FIGURE P3.6.82(2)V2-14 m/s A2=0.03 m222=0
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3.6.48 WP Water flows steadily with negligible viscous effects through the pipe shown in Fig. P3.6.48. It is known that the 4-in.- diameter section of thin-walled tubing will collapse if the pressure within it becomes less than 10 psi below atmospheric pressure. Deter- mine the maximum value that h can have without causing collapse of the tubing.
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3.6.47 WP The specific gravity of the manometer fluid shown in Fig. P3.6.47 is 1.07. Determine the volume flowrate, Q, if the flow is inviscid and incompressible and the flowing fluid is (a) water, (b) gasoline, or (c) air at standard conditions.0.09-m diameter0.05 mT 20 mm10 mmFIGURE P3.6.47
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3.6.13 WP Figure P3.6.13 shows a tube for siphoning water from an aquarium. Determine the rate at which the water leaves the aquarium for the conditions shown. Is there an advantage to having the large- diameter section? The water flow is inviscid.1/4 in. I.D. tubeA = 6 ft2FIGURE P3.6.13h=5 ft
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3.6.9 WP Water flows from a pressurized tank, through a 6-in.-diameter pipe, exits from a 2-in-diameter nozzle, and rises 20 ft above the nozzle, as shown in Fig. P3.6.9. Determine the pressure in the tank if the flow is steady, frictionless, and incom- pressible.20 ftAir+2 in.2 ft16 in.FIGURE P3.6.9
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3.5.8 WP 2013 Indianapolis 500 champion Tony Kanaan holds his hand out of his IndyCar while driving through still air with standard atmospheric conditions. (a) For safety, the pit lane speed limit is 60 mph. At this speed, what is the maximum pressure on his hand? (b) Back on the race track, what is the maximum pressure when he is driving his IndyCar at 225 mph? (c) On the straightaways, the IndyCar reaches speeds in excess of 235 mph. For this speed, is your solution method for parts (a) and (b) reasonable? Explain.
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