Module 1: Introduction to Surveying

Definition of Surveying

Surveying, now commonly known as Geomatics, is the art and science of figuring out the positions of different points either above, on, or below the surface of the Earth. It also involves setting up these points where they are needed.

Earliest Application of Surveying

In the past, surveying was mainly used for measuring and marking the boundaries of land that people owned. This was very important to avoid fights over who owned which piece of land.

Why Surveying Became More Important

As time passed, people started using surveying for more reasons. Some of them include:

• Creating different types of maps.
• Helping construction workers follow exact lines and slopes (grades) for roads, buildings, etc.
• Making sure measurements are very accurate—because land is expensive and valuable.

Surveying and Environmental Monitoring

Surveying is also used to keep an eye on our environment. For example, we can use satellites and aerial photography (taking photos from airplanes or drones) to track changes in forests, rivers, and cities.

Modern Advancements in Surveying

With the improvement of satellite technology and the use of powerful computers, surveying has become faster and more accurate. It helps us manage natural resources better and make smarter decisions about how we use land.